Participatory Communication Strategies Used in the Implementation of Public Water Projects in Murang'a County, Case Study of Northern Collector Tunnel, Kenya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18533/journal.v9i5.1882Keywords:
Participatory Communication Strategies, Implementation of Northern Collector Tunnel, Murang'a, KenyaAbstract
Development communication plays a major role in informing and influencing the behavior of the receiver of information. Effective development communication motivates people to participate in planned activities, changing the behavior and attitudes of people and empower them to focus on interactions between different stakeholders to address a common problem. Community involvement is a very important aspect in implementation of any project. Without community buy-in, a project may never get off the ground or will not be accepted once it is completed. Community involvement is regarded as a nuisance and is ineffectively addressed, or there is a lack of knowledge as to how to engage the community. Either way, the results can be disastrous and would lead to delays in construction, loss of money, filing of law suits, disgruntled citizens providing negative comments to the media or non-acceptance of the revitalization project, the very thing that was supposed to be remedied. The study sought to establish Participatory Communication Strategies used in implementation of public water projects in Murang'a County, study of Northern Collector Tunnel. The Study was anchored on the theory of Kinkaid Convergence Model of Communication. The design was descriptive survey. Target population was 192,589 households. Krejcie and Morgan sampling formula was used to arrive at 384 respondents. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study established that participatory communication strategies play a critical role in the implementation of public water projects. The study recommends the involvement of community grouping, meeting with opinion leaders and the use of various media platforms including radios, local newspapers, and television and billboard illustration will go a long way in facilitating the successful implementation of Northern Collector Tunnel project.
References
AfriMAP. (2011). Kenya: Public Broadcasting Survey. Nairobi: African Minds. atRajamangala University of Technology Krung The (Unpublished master's thesis).
Bone, T. (2013). Participatory Development: Commonly Based Initiatives towards Community in Malaysia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 164; 5 – 10.
Banbersta, M. (2010). The success factors of the social network sites “Twitter.” Washington, DC: Utrecht, the Bank. Beijing, 20-45
Beyene, H.A. (2012) Community Participation and Rural Water Supply Development in Sierra Leone.Community Development Journal, 27 (10.pp 30 - 40.
Beyene, Y. (2012). Ethiopia's paleoanthropological World Heritagesites: research and conservation French Centre for Ethiopian Studies Ethiopia.
Caruso, M., Ilban, Ç, Leotta, F., Mecella, M., &Vassos, S. (2013, September). Synthesizing daily life logs through gaming and simulation. In Proceedings of
the 2013 ACM conference on Pervasive and ubiquitous computing adjunct publication (pp. 451-460). ACM.
Chatwaree, P. (2009). A study of the achievement and satisfaction in the school internet radio program in participation style in “The adolescence
development” for high school students grade 3 Satriwitthaya 2 school. Journal of Technical Education Development, 70 (21) 64-68.
Chambers, D. A., Glasgow, R. E. &Stange, K. C. (2013). The dynamic sustainability framework: addressing the paradox of sustainment amid ongoing change.
Implementation Sci 8, 117 doi:10.1186/1748-5908-8-117
Cooper, C., Goodsmith, L., Lotter, E.&Molony, T. (2010). Communication, Participation, and Social Change: A review of communication initiatives addressing
gender-based violence, gender norms, and harmful traditional practices in crisis-affected settings. Minneapolis: American Refugee Committee International.
Doak, L. G., Doak, C. C., Fischhoff, B., Brewer, N. T., &Downs, J. S. (2011). Communicating risks and benefits: An evidence-based user's guide.
Dzivo, M (2011) Challenges facing community based water supply projects in semi-arid regions of Kenya.
Ewensu, M. Y. Y. (2014). Determinants of the location and distribution of informal settlements in the Kumasi Metropolis.MSc. Thesis in Development Planning
and Management, Department of Planning, KNUST, Kumasi.
Gebrehiwot, M. (2014).An assessment of challenges of sustainable rural water supply: The case of OflaWoreda in Tigray Region. MSc Thesis. Regional and Local
Development Study (RLDS). A.A.U. Ethiopia.
Gebrehiwot, M (2006) An Assessment of challenges of Sustainable Rural Water Supply:The case of OflaWoreda in Tigray Region.Regional and Local Development
Study (RLDS) .A.A.U. Ethiopia.
Hassan, T., & Majid, R. (2010). Community participation: Alternative approach to water supply in Nigerian rural communities. IRC (2008). Retrieved on 30th
December 2019 from http://www2.irc.nl.
IFAD.(2010).IFAD Annual Report 2010. Retrieved on 30th November, 2019 from
https://www.ifad.org/en/web/knowledge/publication/asset/39184963
IFAD Strategic Framework 2007-2010 (IFAD 2007). Retrieved on December 30, 2019, from http://www.ifad.org/sf/:.
Katz, E., &Lazarsfeld, P. F. (2010).Personal influence. The part played by people in the flow of mass communication. Glencoe: Free Press.
Kheerajit, C., & Alexander, G. (2013).Role of Participatory Development Communication in Natural Resource Management: A Case in Ratchaburi Province,
Thailand. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development, 11(2), 87-102
Kimutai, C. (2011). Research shows radio is king in Kenya. Retrieved on 30th November, 2019.http://www.bizcommunity.co.ke/PDF/PDF.aspx?
l=111&c=19&ct=1&ci=6855.
Khalil, M. (2014). Towards cooperatives’ social business model in Palestine training.
Kinkaid, D. L. (1979).Communication Networks. New York: Free Press.
Korzenny, F. (2011). A cultural icon: The importance of radio for Hispanics. New York: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann.
Krejcie, R.V., & Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610
Lerner, R. M. (2008). The place of learning within the human development system: A developmental contextual perspective. Human Development, 38(6), 361-366.
Lerner, R. M. (2007). Developmental science, developmental systems, and contemporary theories of human development. In R. M. Lerner (Ed.). Theoretical
models of human development. Volume 1 of Handbook of child psychology (6th ed., pp. 1–17). Editors-in-chief: W. Damon & R. M. Lerner. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley
Mosonik,J (2017). Influence of participatory communication in promoting accountability and transparency in CDF in EmuruaDikir Constituency. Masters project,
University of Nairobi.
McKee, N. (1992). Social Mobilisation& Social Marketing in Developing Communities. Lessons for Communicators. Southbound: Penang.
Malikhao, P. &Servaes, J. (2011). The media use of American youngsters in the age of narcissism Surviving in a 24/7 media shock and awe – distracted by
everything, Telematics and Informatics, 28(2), 66-76
McKee, N. (1992). Social Mobilisation& Social Marketing in Developing Communities. Lessons for Communicators. Southbound, Penang.
Moraa,H., Otieno, A., &Salim ,A. (2012).Water governance in Kenya: Ensuring accessibility, service delivery and citizen participation. Retrieved on 30th
November, 2019. http://research.ihub.co.ke/uploads/2012/july/1343052795__537.pdf
Musakophas, R., &Polnigongit, W. (2017). Current and future studies on participatory communication in Thailand. Kasetsart University. Thailand.
Omollo (2014) Devolved Government and Local Governance in Kenya.
Omolo, N. A. (2010). Gender and climate change-induced conflict in pastoral communities: Case study of Turkana in northwestern Kenya. African Journal on
Conflict Resolution, 10(2).
Oteku, V., de Bastion, G., Schutz, R., &Bierhals, G. (2010). From the birds eye to the grassroots view. Retrieved on 30th November, 2019 from
http://www.newthinking.de/files/2010/10/frombirdseye-to-grass-roots.pdf.
Owusu, E. (2014). The Role of Communication in Sustaining Development Projects. The Case ofEjuraSekyedumase Municipality, Ghana. A Thesis Submitted to the
School of Graduate Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
Quarry, W. &Ramirez, R. (2009).Communication for Another Development: Listening before Telling. New York: Zed Books.
Tufte, T., &Mefalopulos, P. (2009).Participatory communication: A Practical Guide. New York: World Bank Publications.
Saik, C (2010) Participatory communication for development.Retrieved on 10th April 2020 from https://www.idrc.ca/sites/default/files/openebooks/306¬¬-
/index.html
Servaes, J. &Malikhao, P. (2010). Advocacy strategies for health communication. Public Relations Review, 3(6), 42–49.
Sroisri, N. (2011). Participatory communication behavior patterns in collaborative learning via competency-based web quest for television and radio
broadcasting technology students at Rajamangala University of Technology. Krung The (Unpublished master's thesis) SukhothaiThammathirat Open University,
Nonthaburi.
UNDP. (1998).Human development report. New York: Oxford University Press.
UNDP. (2010). Human Development Report 2010.Retrieved on 5th January 2020 http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-report-2010
UNDP. (2010). Handbook on planning, monitoring and evaluating for development results. New York: United Nations Development Programme.
Visser, F. S., Lugt, R., &Stappers, P. J. (2007). Sharing user experiences in the product innovation process: Participatory design needs participatory
communication. Creativity and innovation management 16 (1), 35-45
Waters, D., James, R. & Darby, J. (2011). Health Promoting Community Radio in rural Bali: an impact evaluation.Retrieved on 10th January
fromhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21375357
Water Services Regulatory Board (2012). Annual Report and Financial Statements For The Year Ended 30th June 2012. Nairobi: Government Printers.
World Bank, (2009). World Development Report: Making Services Work for Poor People. Washington DC: World Bank.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).