Physique et Philosophie: le Conflit Sur la Nature de la Réalité Dans la Théorie Quantique
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18533/journal.v7i10.1535Keywords:
Certainty, Controversy, Indetermination, Phenomenism, Realism.Abstract
The upheavals related to the quantic revolution have, among other effects, led to the consecration, in the community of physicists itself, of a profound partition as far as fundamental questions of the nature of reality and of the role of physics are concerned. In fact, while the quantum theory, experimentally speaking, can be perfectly trusted and allows correct predictions, the conception of nature which it proposes has raised a deep misunderstanding which, up to date, has not yet found a solution. This reflection examines and tries to understand the nature of such a conflict, since it looks curious that it creates an opposition among the physicists on the issue of quantum properties which are obviously strange, but which are also “scientifically” established, as the non-locality, and the technological fertility the evidences of which are getting numerous. It show that behind what can appear to be a useless controversy in regard to a theory and to established experimental “truths”, we find in fact the confrontation of two philosophical conceptions of the reality: “realism” and “phenomenism”. This confrontation suggest especially is that it is an illusion to defend a quantic theory as being philosophically speaking neutral; the question related to the nature of microphysical particles, and of reality in general, also bear a philosophical dimension, or even a metaphysical dimension to be more precise. In regard to this reason, responses which are just experimental or quantitative are not enough to answer these questions.
References
Bachelard, Gaston (1994). La philosophie du non. Paris : Presses Universitaires de France.
Bachelard, Gaston (1991). Le nouvel esprit scientifique. Paris : Presses Universitaires de France.
Baudrillard, Jean (1995). Le crime parfait. Paris : Galilée.
Broglie, Louis de (1966). Certitudes et incertitudes de la science. Paris : Albin Michel
Broglie, Louis de (1973). La physique nouvelle et les quanta. Paris : Champs-Flammarion.
Feyerabend, Paul K. (2005). Réalisme, rationalisme et méthode scientifique. Ecrits philosophiques 1. Paris : Dianoia.
Gisin, Nicolas (2016). L’impensable hasard : non-localité, téléportation et autres merveilles quantiques. Paris : éd. Odile Jacob.
Heisenberg, Werner (2000). La nature dans la physique contemporaine. (trad. U. Karvelis et A. E. Leroy). Paris : Gallimard.
Heisenberg, Werner (1971). Physics and Beyond : encounters and conversations. London : Georg Allen & Unwin.
Holton, Gerard (2005). Victory and Vexation in Science : Einstein, Bohr, Heisenberg and Others. Cambridge : Harvard University Press.
Kuhn, Thomas S. (2008). La structure des révolutions scientifiques. (trad. Laure Meyer). Paris : Flammarion.
Kumar, Manjit (2012). Le grand roman de la physique quantique : Einstein, Bohr… et le débat sur la nature de la réalité. (trad. Bernard Sigaud). Paris : Flammarion.
Laplace, Pierre Simon de (1921). Essai philosophique sur les probabilités. Paris : Gauthier-Villars et Cie.
Médégnon, Désiré (2018). La théorie des quanta et le problème de l’objectivité scientifique. Particip’Action, 10 (1), 399-412.
Ortoli, Sven & Pharabod. Jean-Pierre (2018). Métaphysique quantique : les nouveaux mystères de l’espace et du temps. Paris : éd. La Découverte.
Pagels, Heinz (1985). L’univers quantique. (trad. J. Corday). Paris : Inter-édition.
Pharabod, Jean-Pierre & Bernard Pire (1993). Le rêve des physiciens. Paris : éd. Odile Jacob.
Pharabod, Jean-Pierre & Klein, Gérard (2017). Heurs et malheurs de la physique quantique : des vérités incroyables. Paris : éd. Odile Jacob.
Popper, Karl (1984). L’univers irrésolu : plaidoyer pour un indéterminisme. (trad. R. Bouveresse). Paris : Hermann.
Séguin, Thomas (2012). Le postmodernisme : une utopie postmoderne. Paris : L’Harmattan.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).